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Katy Greenwald: These are all pond breeding salamanders. They are truly considerable in the Good Lakes. They are gene burglars. They’re thieving DNA from other species. It is regarded as kleptogenesis. They are usually just identified as the unisexual advanced or the unisexual Ambystoma. They are not a species, basically, simply because they break all the procedures of what a species should really be capable to do.
They are a seriously special lineage. As far as we know there is nothing at all else in the globe that reproduces in this way. They are 5 or 6 million calendar year outdated group of animals. As a biologist, you learn all these guidelines and intro bio and then you understand about these things that just split the guidelines. In the h2o, the males will develop sperm at gives, which are very little sperm packets that they type of set down on on leaves and sticks and items like that in the pond.
And the girls will decide those people up internally in their cloaca and there’s inner fertilization, and then they’ll lay fertilized eggs, which will produce into larvae just like tadpoles do in frogs. And these unisex regulations will be in the exact ponds at the exact same time as these standard sexually reproducing species. And they will truly choose up the sperm at provides that are developed by the males of the other species that just triggers egg enhancement.
So their eggs are laid and they develop, but they will not essentially contain any of the males genetic material and they produce offspring that just have the same DNA as the mother. But a scaled-down proportion of the time they essentially do add the males genomes, and so then the offspring appear out with extra chromosomes. So they can have any where from 2 to 5 full sets of chromosomes from up to five unique species.
And these salamanders appear to be to have the added benefits of asexuality in that they are all female. Their populations can grow truly fast, but they have this mechanism to add additional genetic variation that they’re ready to get from these species that they coexist with.
If there is one particular factor that we study from finding out biodiversity, it can be that there is incredible variation in mother nature. There are all kinds of species reproducing in all types of methods, utilizing all forms of diverse ways. And I think which is a little something we could certainly master from in human culture, that valuing and celebrating that diversity is a great component of becoming a biologist.
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